Abaphenduli bexesha likaxakeka njengabacimi-mlilo, ii-ambulensi kunye namapolisa baxhomekeke kunxibelelwano oluthembekileyo lweendlela ezimbini zonomathotholo xa ubomi kunye nempahla zisengozini.Kwizakhiwo ezininzi oku akusoloko kungumsebenzi olula.Iimpawu zikanomathotholo ezingaphakathi kwizakhiwo zihlala zifunxwa okanye zivalwe zizakhiwo ezikhulu ezingaphantsi komhlaba, ikhonkrithi okanye isinyithi.
Ukongeza, izinto zesakhiwo eziyilelwe ukudala izakhiwo ezizinzileyo ngakumbi, ezinjengeefestile zeglasi ezikhupha kancinci, zithomalalisa imiqondiso evela kwiinkqubo zikanomathotholo zokhuseleko loluntu.Xa oku kwenzeka, iimpawu ezibuthathaka okanye ezingekhoyo zingenza irediyo "imimandla efileyo" kwiindawo zorhwebo, ezinokuthi zidibanise ukulungelelaniswa kunye nokhuseleko phakathi kwabaphenduli bokuqala ngexesha likaxakeka.
Ngenxa yoko, imimiselo emininzi yokhuseleko lomlilo ngoku ifuna ukufakwa kweeNkqubo zoNxibelelwano oluNgxamisekileyo lokuPhendula (ERCES) kwizakhiwo ezitsha nezikhoyo zorhwebo.Ezi nkqubo ziphucukileyo zikhulisa umqondiso ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo, zibonelela ngonxibelelwano lukanomathotholo olucacileyo lweendlela ezimbini ngaphandle kwamabala afileyo.
"Ingxaki kukuba abaphenduli bokuqala basebenza kwii-frequencies ezahlukeneyo, ezihluka ukusuka kwisixeko ukuya kwesinye, ngoko ke izixhobo ze-ERCES kwafuneka ziyilelwe ukukhulisa iziteshi ezikhethiweyo," utshilo uTrevor Matthews, umphathi wecandelo lonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo kumthengisi uCosco.ukhuseleko lomlilo.Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 yokucinezelwa komlilo kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko lobomi.Kwiminyaka emine edlulileyo, inkampani ibonelela ngeenkonzo zokufakelwa kweenkqubo ze-intercom ezikhethekileyo.
UMatthews wongeze ukuba uyilo olunjalo lubandakanya ukusetwa kwe-ERCES ukuthintela imiqondiso ukuba ingaphazamisani nezinye iifrikhwensi kunye nokuphepha ukungqubana neFCC, enokubeka izohlwayo ezinkulu ukuba zophulwe.Ukongeza, iinkampani zihlala kufuneka zifake yonke inkqubo ngaphambi kokukhupha isatifikethi sokugunyazisa.Ukuhlangabezana nemihla ebekiweyo, abafakeli baxhomekeke kwi-OEM ERCES ukuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza kwamacandelo enkqubo.
Ii-ERCES zale mihla ziyafumaneka “ezenziwe ngokwezifiso” zii-OEMs kwii-UHF ezifunekayo kunye/okanye namajelo e-VHF.Iikontraka zinokuthi emva koko ziphucule ngakumbi izixhobo zentsimi kwi-bandwidth yokwenyani ngokulungiswa kwetshaneli ekhethiweyo.Le ndlela inceda ukuthobela yonke imimiselo kunye neemfuno, ngelixa unciphisa iindleko ezipheleleyo kunye nobunzima bofakelo.
I-ERCES yaqala ukuziswa kwiKhowudi yoKwakha yeZizwe ngezizwe ye-2009.Imimiselo yakutsha nje efana ne-IBC 2021 Section 916, IFC 2021 Section 510, NFPA 1221, 2019 Section 9.6, NFPA 1, 2021 Section 11.10, and 2022 NFPA 1225 Chapter 18 ifuna zonke izakhiwo ezingxamisekileyo ukuba zibe neenkonzo ezingxamisekileyo.ukuhanjiswa konxibelelwano.
Inkqubo ye-ERCES iqhagamshelwe emoyeni kwaye iqhutywa ngabafaki besebenzisa ii-eriyali ze-rooftop directional ukunyusa uthungelwano lweenqaba zokhuseleko loluntu.Le eriyali ke idityaniswe ngentambo ye-coaxial kwi-bi-directional amplifier (BDA) ephakamisa inqanaba lomqondiso ukubonelela ngokhuseleko olwaneleyo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko lobomi.I-BDA iqhagamshelwe kwiNkqubo ye-Antenna eSasazwayo (DAS), uthungelwano lwee-eriyali ezincinci ezifakwe kwisakhiwo sonke esisebenza njengabaphindayo ukuphucula ukugubungela umqondiso kuyo nayiphi na indawo ekwanti.
Kwizakhiwo ezikhulu ze-350,000 yeenyawo okanye ngaphezulu, ii-amplifiers ezininzi zinokufuneka ukunika amandla omqondiso owaneleyo kwinkqubo yonke.Ukongeza kwindawo yomgangatho, ezinye iikhrayitheriya ezifana noyilo lwesakhiwo, uhlobo lwezinto zokwakha ezisetyenzisiweyo, kunye noxinaniso lwezakhiwo zichaphazela inani le-amplifiers ezifunekayo.
Kwisibhengezo sakutshanje, uKhuseleko loMlilo lweCOSCO lwathunyelwa ukuba lufake i-ERCES kunye nokukhuselwa komlilo okudibeneyo kunye neenkqubo zokukhusela ubomi kwiziko elikhulu lokusabalalisa i-DC.Ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zikamasipala, i-Cosco Fire kwakufuneka ifake i-ERCES elungiselelwe i-VHF 150-170 MHz yesebe lomlilo kunye ne-UHF 450-512 yamapolisa.Isakhiwo siya kufumana isatifikethi sokuthunywa kwiiveki ezimbalwa, ngoko ke ukufakela kufuneka kwenziwe ngokukhawuleza.
Ukwenza lula inkqubo, i-Cosco Fire yakhetha i-Fiplex esuka kwi-Honeywell BDA kunye ne-fiber optic DAS iinkqubo ezivela kumenzi ohamba phambili wokukhusela umlilo kwizakhiwo zorhwebo kunye neenkqubo zokukhusela ubomi.
Le nkqubo ihambelanayo neqinisekisiweyo yenzelwe ukunika ngokuthembekileyo inzuzo yeRF ephezulu kunye nokhuselo olungenangxolo, ukomeleza amandla omqondiso we-RF weendlela ezimbini ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo, itonela kunye nezinye izakhiwo.Inkqubo yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeNFPA kunye nemigangatho ye-IBC / IFC kunye ne-UL2524 yoluhlu lwe-2nd edition.
Ngokuka-Matthews, inkalo ebalulekileyo eyahlula i-ERCES kwabanye kukukwazi kwee-OEMs "ukuvula" isixhobo kwisitishi abasisebenzisayo ngaphambi kokuthumela.Iikontraka zinokuphinda ziphucule ngakumbi ukulungiswa kwe-BDA RF kwindawo ukuze kuphunyezwe amaza omoya afunekayo ngokukhetha isitishi, i-firmware, okanye i-bandwidth ehlengahlengiswayo.Oku kuphelisa ingxaki yosasazo lwebroadband kwiindawo ezixinene kakhulu zeRF, ezinokuthi ngenye indlela zibangele uphazamiseko lwangaphandle kwaye ezinokuthi zibe neziphumo zezohlwayo zeFCC.
UMatthews ubonisa omnye umahluko phakathi kweFiplex BDA kunye nezinye iiamplifiers zedijithali: ukhetho lwebhendi ezimbini kwiimodeli ezinikezelweyo ze-UHF okanye zeVHF.
“Ukudityaniswa kwe-UHF kunye ne-VHF amplifiers kwenza kube lula ukufakela kuba unephaneli enye kuphela endaweni yezimbini.Kwakhona kunciphisa indawo efunekayo yodonga, iimfuno zamandla kunye namanqaku anokuthi angaphumeleli.Uvavanyo lonyaka nalo lulula,” utsho uMatthews.
Ngeenkqubo ze-ERCES zemveli, iinkampani zokhuseleko lomlilo kunye nobomi zihlala zifuna ukuthenga izinto zeqela lesithathu ukongeza kwi-OEM yokupakisha.
Ngokuphathelele kwisicelo sangaphambili, uMatthews wafumanisa ukuba “kunzima ukufumana izixhobo ze-ERCES zesintu ukuba zisebenze.Siye sagqiba ekubeni sijike kumntu wesithathu ukuze sifumane [umqondiso] izihluzi ebesizifuna ngenxa yokuba iOEM ayizange ibonelele ngazo.”wathi ixesha lokufumana esi sixhobo ziinyanga, kwaye ufuna iiveki.
“Abanye abathengisi banokuthatha iiveki ezisi-8 ukuya kwezi-14 ukufumana iamplifier,” ucacise watsho uMatthews.“Ngoku sinokufumana ii-amps zesiko kwaye sizifake kunye ne-DAS kwiiveki ezi-5-6.Oku kuyatshintsha iikontraka, ngakumbi xa ifestile yofakelo ivaliwe,” ucacise watsho uMatthews.
Kumphuhlisi, umyili wezakhiwo, okanye inkampani yobunjineli ezibuza ukuba i-ERCES iyafuneka kwisakhiwo esitsha okanye esele sikhona, inyathelo lokuqala kukubonisana nenkampani yokhuseleko lomlilo/ubomi enokuthi iqhube uphando lweRF lwendawo.
Izifundo ze-RF zenziwa ngokulinganisa inqanaba lesignali ye-downlink/uplink kwi-decibel milliwatts (dBm) kusetyenziswa isixhobo sokulinganisa esikhethekileyo.Iziphumo ziya kungeniswa kwiqumrhu elinegunya lokulawula ukuba ngaba inkqubo ye-ERCES iyadingeka okanye ukuxolelwa kufanelekile.
“Ukuba iERCES iyafuneka, kuhle ukuvavanya kwangethuba ukunciphisa iindleko, ukuntsonkotha, kunye nokulula ukuyifaka.Ukuba nangaliphi na ixesha isakhiwo siyasilela kuvavanyo lweRF, nokuba isakhiwo si-50%, 80%, okanye 100% sigqityiwe, fakela inkqubo yeERCES, kungcono ukusivavanya phambi kokuba ukufakela kube nzima,” utshilo uMatthews.
Waphawula ukuba kungakho ezinye iingxaki xa kuqhutywa uvavanyo lweRF kumaziko afana neendawo zokugcina iimpahla.I-ERCES ayinakudingeka kwindawo yokugcina impahla engenanto, kodwa amandla omqondiso kwiindawo zendawo anokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza emva kokufakwa kwee-racks kunye nezinye izixhobo kunye nokongezwa kwempahla.Ukuba inkqubo ifakwe emva kokuba i-warehouse sele isetyenziswa, inkampani yokhuseleko lomlilo kunye nobomi kufuneka isebenze ngokudlula iziseko ezikhoyo kunye nabaphi na abasebenzi.
“Ukufaka amacandelo e-ERCES kwisakhiwo esixakekileyo kunzima kakhulu kunendawo yokugcina impahla.Abafakeli banokufuna ukusebenzisa i-hoist ukufikelela kwisilingi, iintambo ezikhuselekileyo, okanye ukubeka i-eriyali, ekunzima ukuyenza kwisakhiwo esisebenza ngokupheleleyo, ”uMatthews.watsho ecacisa.
Ukuba ukufakwa kwenkqubo kuphazamisa ukukhutshwa kwezatifikethi zokugunyazisa, le ngqungquthela inokulibazisa kakhulu ukuphunyezwa kweeprojekthi.
Ukuze ugweme ukulibaziseka kunye nemiba yobugcisa, abaphuhlisi bezakhiwo zorhwebo, abayili bezakhiwo kunye neefemu zobunjineli banokuzuza kwiikontraka ezichwephesha ukuba ziqhelane neemfuno ze-ERCES.
Ngokuziswa okukhawulezileyo kwe-ERCES ephucukileyo elungelelaniswe yi-OEM kwisitishi seRF esifunwayo, unokontraka oqeqeshiweyo unokufaka kwaye andise ngakumbi izixhobo zokuza kwezandi ezithile zasekhaya ukulungiselela ukulungiswa kwetshaneli ekhethiweyo.Le ndlela ikhawulezisa iiprojekthi kunye nokuthotyelwa, kwaye iphucula ukhuseleko kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-10-2023