Kwi-2020, ukwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi ye-5G yangena kwindlela ekhawulezayo, inethiwekhi yonxibelelwano lukawonkewonke (emva koku ebizwa ngokuba yinethiwekhi yoluntu) ikhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nemeko engazange ibonwe ngaphambili.Kutshanje, amanye amajelo eendaba axele ukuba xa kuthelekiswa nothungelwano lukawonke-wonke, uthungelwano lwabucala lonxibelelwano (emva koku lubizwa ngokuba luthungelwano lwabucala) lusemva noko.
Ke, yintoni inethiwekhi yabucala?Ithini imeko yetekhnoloji yenethiwekhi yabucala, kwaye yeyiphi umahluko xa ithelekiswa nenethiwekhi yoluntu?Ngexesha le-5G.Loluphi uhlobo lwethuba lophuhliso oluya kuthi iteknoloji yenethiwekhi yabucala ingenise?Ndadlan’ indlebe neengcali.
1.Ukubonelela ngenkonzo ekhuselekileyo nethembekileyo kubasebenzisi abathile
Kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, abantu basebenzisa ifowuni ephathwayo ukwenza umnxeba, ukusefa i-intanethi, njalo njalo, bonke ngoncedo lwenethiwekhi yoluntu.Uthungelwano lukawonke-wonke lubhekisa kuthungelwano lonxibelelwano olwakhiwe ngababoneleli beenkonzo zenethiwekhi kubasebenzisi boluntu, olunxibelelene kakhulu nobomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.Nangona kunjalo, xa kuziwa kwiinethiwekhi zabucala, abantu abaninzi banokuziva bengaqhelekanga kakhulu.
Yintoni kanye kanye inethiwekhi yabucala?Inethiwekhi yabucala ibhekiselele kwinethiwekhi yobuchwephesha efezekisa ukuhanjiswa kweempawu zenethiwekhi kwindawo ethile kwaye ibonelela ngeenkonzo zonxibelelwano kubasebenzisi abathile kumbutho, umyalelo, ulawulo, imveliso, kunye namakhonkco okuthumela.
Ngokufutshane, inethiwekhi yabucala ibonelela ngeenkonzo zonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi kubasebenzisi abathile.Inethiwekhi yabucala ibandakanya zombini iindlela zonxibelelwano ezingenazingcingo kunye neengcingo.Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, inethiwekhi yabucala ihlala ibhekisa kwinethiwekhi yabucala engenazingcingo.Olu hlobo lothungelwano lunokubonelela ngokuqhubekayo noluthembekileyo uqhagamshelwano lwenethiwekhi nakwindawo enonxibelelwano olulinganiselweyo lwenethiwekhi yoluntu, kwaye akukho ukufikelela kubusela bedatha kunye nokuhlaselwa kwihlabathi langaphandle.
Imigaqo yobugcisa yothungelwano lwabucala ngokusisiseko iyafana nenethiwekhi yoluntu.Inethiwekhi yabucala ngokubanzi isekelwe kwitekhnoloji yenethiwekhi yoluntu kwaye ilungiselelwe usetyenziso olukhethekileyo.Nangona kunjalo, uthungelwano lwabucala lusenokwamkela imigangatho yonxibelelwano eyahlukeneyo kwinethiwekhi yoluntu.Umzekelo, i-TETRA(i-Terrestrial trunking radio communication standard), umgangatho okhoyo ngoku wothungelwano lwabucala, usuka kwi-GSM(iNkqubo yeHlabathi yoNxibelelwano lweMobile).
Olunye uthungelwano oluzinikeleyo ikakhulu ziinkonzo ezisekwe kwilizwi ngokweempawu zenkonzo, ngaphandle kothungelwano lwedatha oluzinikeleyo nokuba ilizwi kunye nedatha inokuhanjiswa ngaxeshanye kwinethiwekhi.Ukubaluleka kwezwi yeyona nto iphezulu, ekwamiselwa ngesantya seefowuni zelizwi kunye neefowuni zedatha zabasebenzisi benethiwekhi yabucala.
Kwisicelo esisebenzayo, uthungelwano lwabucala luhlala lusebenzela urhulumente, umkhosi, ukhuseleko loluntu, ukhuseleko lomlilo, uthutho lukaloliwe, njl., kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi zisetyenziselwa unxibelelwano olungxamisekileyo, ukuthumela kunye nomyalelo.Ukusebenza okuthembekileyo, ixabiso eliphantsi, kunye neempawu ezilungelelanisiweyo zinika uthungelwano lwabucala uncedo olungenakuthathelwa indawo kwizicelo zemizi-mveliso.Nokuba kwixesha le-5G, iinethiwekhi zabucala zisaluncedo.Enye injineli ikholelwa ukuba, kwixesha elidlulileyo, iinkonzo zenethiwekhi zabucala bezigxininisekile, kwaye bekukho iiyantlukwano ngamashishini athe nkqo itekhnoloji ye-5G igxile kuwo, kodwa lo mahluko uyehla ngokuthe ngcembe.
2.Akukho kuthelekiseka nenethiwekhi yoluntu.Abakhuphisani
Kuxelwa ukuba, okwangoku, iteknoloji ehamba phambili yenethiwekhi yangasese iseyi-2G.Ngabanye oorhulumente kuphela abasebenzisa i-4G.Ngaba ithetha ukuba uphuhliso lonxibelelwano lwabucala lwenethiwekhi lucotha noko?
Injineli yethu ithi oku kubanzi kakhulu.Umzekelo, abasebenzisi benethiwekhi yabucala ngabasebenzisi beshishini.
Nangona i-evolution yeteknoloji yenethiwekhi yabucala ukuba ihamba kancinci kunothungelwano lukawonkewonke, kwaye ikakhulu isebenzisa i-narrowband, inethiwekhi yoluntu ngokubanzi, njenge-5G networks, inengqondo ecacileyo yenethiwekhi yangasese.Ngokomzekelo, i-edge computing yaziswa ukunciphisa ukulibaziseka kwenethiwekhi inikezela amalungelo amaninzi olawulo lwenethiwekhi ye-5G kumda wenethiwekhi.Kwaye ubume bothungelwano bufana nothungelwano lwendawo yendawo, eyiyo yoyilo oluqhelekileyo lwenethiwekhi yabucala.Kwaye omnye umzekelo we-5G iteknoloji ye-slicing ye-network slicing ikakhulu kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino, ukusika izibonelelo zenethiwekhi kunye nesakhiwo senethiwekhi esifana ngokupheleleyo nenethiwekhi yangasese ezimeleyo.
Kwaye ngenxa yeempawu eziqinileyo zesicelo soshishino lonxibelelwano lwabucala, luye lwaqhubeka lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kurhulumente, ukhuseleko loluntu, oololiwe, ezothutho, amandla ombane, unxibelelwano olungxamisekileyo, njl.njl... Ngale ngqiqo, unxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi yabucala kunye nonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi yoluntu luyakwazi 'Yenza uthelekiso olulula, kunye nembono yokuba uphuhliso lothungelwano lwabucala olucothayo lufanele ukuxoxa ngalo.
Ngokwenene, uninzi lothungelwano lwabucala lusekwimo yobuchwepheshe obulingana nenqanaba le-2G okanye le-3G yenethiwekhi yoluntu.Eyokuqala kukuba uthungelwano lwabucala luneempawu ezahlukileyo zesicelo soshishino, njengokhuseleko loluntu, ishishini, kunye norhwebo.Ubume beshishini bumisela ukhuseleko oluphezulu, uzinzo oluphezulu, kunye neemfuno zexabiso eliphantsi zonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi yabucala umda isantya sophuhliso.Ukongezelela, inethiwekhi yangasese incinci kwaye ihlakazekile kakhulu, kunye nomrhumo ophantsi wotyalo-mali, ngoko akunzima ukuyiqonda ukuba ibuyele emva.
3.Ukuhlanganiswa kwenethiwekhi yoluntu kunye nenethiwekhi yangasese iya kugxininiswa phantsi kwenkxaso ye-5G
Okwangoku, iinkonzo ze-multimedia ze-broadband ezifana nemifanekiso ephezulu-definition, iividiyo ezicacileyo, kunye nokuthuthwa kwedatha enkulu kunye nesicelo ziba yimikhwa.
Ngokomzekelo, kukhuseleko, i-intanethi ye-industrial, kunye nokuqhagamshelwa kwemoto ehlakaniphile, inenzuzo enkulu ekusebenziseni iteknoloji ye-5G ukwakha inethiwekhi yangasese.Ukongezelela, i-5G drones kunye ne-5G izithuthi zothutho kunye nezinye izicelo ziye zaphucula uluhlu lwezicelo zenethiwekhi zangasese kunye nokuphucula inethiwekhi yangasese.Nangona kunjalo, ukuhanjiswa kwedatha yinxalenye kuphela yeemfuno zeshishini.Okubaluleke ngakumbi kukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwezakhono zayo zonxibelelwano ezibaluleke kakhulu ukufezekisa umyalelo osebenzayo kunye nokuthunyelwa.Okwangoku, inzuzo yetekhnoloji yothungelwano lwabucala lwabucala lusangenakuphinda luthathelwe indawo.Ngoko ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ne-4G okanye kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-5G yenethiwekhi yangasese, kunzima ukugubha imeko yenethiwekhi yendabuko kwishishini elithe nkqo kwixesha elifutshane.
Itekhnoloji yenethiwekhi yabucala yexesha elizayo inokuba bubuchwephesha bothungelwano lwabucala.Nangona kunjalo, isizukulwana esitsha sobuchwephesha bonxibelelwano siya kuncedisana kwaye sisebenze kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zoshishino.Ukongeza, ngokuqinisekileyo, ngokusasazwa kwe-LTE kunye nobuchwepheshe bonxibelelwano bamva nje obufana ne-5G, amathuba okudibanisa amanethiwekhi abucala kunye noluntu nawo aya kwanda.
Kwixesha elizayo, uthungelwano lwabucala kufuneka lungenise iteknoloji yenethiwekhi yoluntu kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye yandise imfuno yothungelwano lwabucala.Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, ibroadband iya kuba ngumkhombandlela wophuhliso lwenethiwekhi yabucala.Uphuhliso lwe-4G ye-broadband, ngokukodwa i-teknoloji ye-5G ye-slicing, nayo ibonelele ukugcinwa kobugcisa okwaneleyo kwi-broadband yothungelwano lwangasese.
Iinjineli ezininzi zikholelwa ukuba uthungelwano lwabucala luseneemfuno ezibalulekileyo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba uthungelwano lukawonke-wonke alukwazi ngokupheleleyo ukuthatha indawo yothungelwano lwabucala.Ngokukodwa amashishini afana nomkhosi, ukhuseleko loluntu, ezemali, kunye nezothutho, uthungelwano lwabucala olusebenza ngokuzimeleyo kumnatha woluntu luhlala lusetyenziselwa ukhuseleko lolwazi kunye nolawulo lwenethiwekhi.
Ngophuhliso lwe-5G, kuya kubakho ukudibanisa okunzulu phakathi kwenethiwekhi yangasese kunye nenethiwekhi yoluntu.
I-Kingtone iqalise isisombululo esitsha sothungelwano lwangasese lwe-IBS esekelwe kwinethiwekhi ye-UHF / VHF / TRTEA, esebenzisana noorhulumente abaninzi, ukhuseleko, kunye namasebe amapolisa kwaye yafumana impendulo enhle kubo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-14-2021