Ngokwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi ye-5G, ixabiso lesikhululo se-5G liphezulu kakhulu, ngakumbi ekubeni ingxaki yokusetyenziswa kwamandla amakhulu iyaziwa ngokubanzi.
Kwimeko ye-China Mobile, ukuxhasa i-downlink enesantya esiphezulu, imodyuli yayo ye-2.6GHz yerediyo ifuna amajelo angama-64 kunye nobuninzi be-320 watts.
Ngokumalunga neefowuni ze-5G ezinxibelelana nesikhululo sesiseko, ngenxa yokuba zidibene ngokusondeleyo nomzimba womntu, umgca ophantsi "we-radiation umonakalo" kufuneka ugcinwe ngokungqongqo, ngoko ke amandla okuhambisa anqunyelwe ngokungqongqo.
I-Protocol inciphisa amandla othumelo lwe-4G mobile phones ukuya kubuninzi be-23dBm (0.2w).Nangona la mandla engekho mkhulu kakhulu, ukuphindaphinda kwebhendi ye-4G eqhelekileyo (FDD 1800MHz) iphantsi kakhulu, kwaye ilahleko yokudluliselwa incinci.Akuyongxaki ukuyisebenzisa.
Kodwa imeko ye-5G inzima kakhulu.
Okokuqala, ibhendi ye-frequency ye-5G yi-3.5GHz, i-frequency ephezulu, ilahleko enkulu yendlela yokusasaza, ukungakwazi ukungena kakuhle, ubuncinci befowuni yeselula, kunye namandla aphantsi okuhambisa;ngoko ke, i-uplink ilula ukuba ibe yingxaki yenkqubo.
Okwesibini, i-5G isekelwe kwimodi ye-TDD, kwaye i-uplink kunye ne-downlink zithunyelwa kwi-division time.Ngokubanzi, ukuqinisekisa umthamo we-downlink, ulwabiwo kwi-uplink ye-slot yexesha lincinci, malunga ne-30%.Ngamanye amazwi, ifowuni ye-5G kwi-TDD kuphela i-30% yexesha lokuthumela idatha, leyo iyancipha ngakumbi amandla okuhambisa okuphakathi.
Ngaphezu koko, imodeli yokuthunyelwa kwe-5G iguquguqukayo, kwaye inethiwekhi iyinkimbinkimbi.
Kwimodi ye-NSA, i-5G kunye ne-4G ithumela idatha ngexesha elinye phezu koxhulumaniso olubini, ngokuqhelekileyo i-5G kwimodi ye-TDD kunye ne-4G kwimodi ye-FDD.Ngale ndlela, kufuneka abe yintoni amandla okuhambisa ifowuni ephathwayo?
Kwimo ye-SA, i-5G inokusebenzisa i-TDD okanye i-FDD enye i-carrier transmission.Kwaye udibanise umthwali wezi ndlela zimbini.Ngokufana nemeko ye-NSA mode, ifowuni kufuneka idlulise idatha ngaxeshanye kumaqela amabini ahlukeneyo, kunye ne-TDD kunye ne-FDD ezimbini iindlela;kufuneka igqithise amandla angakanani?
Ngaphandle koko, ingakanani ifowuni ephathwayo kufuneka idlulise amandla ukuba ngaba abathwali be-TDD ababini be-5G badityanisiwe?
I-3GPP ichaze amanqanaba ombane amaninzi kwi-terminal.
Kwi-Sub 6G spectrum, inqanaba lamandla 3 li-23dBm;Inqanaba lamandla 2 yi-26dBm, kwaye kwinqanaba lamandla 1, amandla enkcazo makhulu, kwaye akukho ngcaciso okwangoku.
Ngenxa ye-frequency ephezulu kunye neempawu zokuhambisa zihluke kwi-Sub 6G, iimeko zesicelo ziqwalaselwa ngakumbi ekulungiseni ukufikelela okanye ukusetyenziswa kwefowuni engekho.
Iprothokholi ichaza amanqanaba ombane amane kwi-millimeter-wave, kwaye isalathisi semitha sibanzi.
Okwangoku, ukusetyenziswa kwe-5G yorhwebo kusekelwe ikakhulu kwinkonzo ye-eMBB yeselula kwi-Sub 6G band.Oku kulandelayo kuya kugxininisa ngokukodwa kule meko, kujoliswe kwiibhendi eziqhelekileyo ze-5G (ezifana ne-FDD n1, N3, N8, TDD n41, n77, N78, njl.).Ukwahlulwe kwiindidi ezintandathu ukuchaza:
- I-5G FDD (imodi ye-SA): amandla okuhambisa aphezulu kwinqanaba le-3, eliyi-23dBm;
- I-5G TDD (imodi ye-SA): amandla okuhambisa aphezulu kwinqanaba le-2, eliyi-26dBm;
- I-5G FDD + 5G TDD CA (imodi ye-SA): amandla okuhambisa aphezulu kwinqanaba le-3, eliyi-23dBm;
- I-5G TDD + 5G TDD CA (imodi ye-SA): amandla okuhambisa aphezulu kwinqanaba le-3, eliyi-23dBm;
- I-4G FDD + 5G TDD DC (imodi ye-NSA): amandla okuhambisa aphezulu kwinqanaba le-3, eliyi-23dBm;
- I-4G TDD + 5G TDD DC (imodi ye-NSA);Amandla othumelo aphezulu achazwe yi-R15 yinqanaba lesi-3, elingu-23dBm;kunye noguqulelo lwe-R16 luxhasa inqanaba lesi-2 lamandla ogqithiso aphezulu, angama-26dBm
Kwezi ntlobo zintandathu zingasentla, sinokubona ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
Ngethuba nje ifowuni ephathwayo isebenza kwimodi ye-FDD, ubuninzi bokudlulisa amandla yi-23dBm kuphela, ngelixa kwimodi ye-TDD, okanye i-networking non-independent, i-4G kunye ne-5G zombini imodi ye-TDD, amandla okuhambisa aphezulu anokukhululwa kwi-26dBm.
Ke, kutheni iprotocol ikhathalela kakhulu malunga ne-TDD?
Njengoko sonke sisazi, imboni yonxibelelwano ibisoloko inezimvo ezahlukeneyo malunga nokuba imitha ye-electromagnetic.Sekunjalo, ngenxa yokhuseleko, amandla okuhambisa iifowuni eziphathwayo kufuneka anqunyelwe ngokungqongqo.
Okwangoku, amazwe kunye nemibutho iseke imigangatho yempilo ye-electromagnetic exposure yezempilo, inciphisa imitha yeselula kuluhlu oluncinci.Ngethuba nje ifowuni ephathwayo ihambelana nale migangatho, inokuthathwa njengekhuselekile.
Le migangatho yezempilo yonke yalatha kwisalathisi esinye: I-SAR, esetyenziswa ngokukodwa ukulinganisa impembelelo yemitha ekufutshane nentsimi evela kwiifowuni eziphathwayo kunye nezinye izixhobo zonxibelelwano eziphathwayo.
I-SAR yi-Absorption Ratio ethile.Ichazwa njengokulinganisa umlinganiselo wokufunxwa kwamandla kubunzima beyunithi nganye ngumzimba womntu xa evezwe kumaza ombane erediyo (RF) umazibuthe.Isenokuthi ibhekiselele ekufunxeni kwezinye iindlela zamandla ngamathishu, kubandakanywa ne-ultrasound.Ichazwa njengamandla afunxa ngobunzima bethishu kwaye ineeyunithi zeewathi ngekhilogram (W/kg).
Umgangatho wesizwe waseTshayina utsalwa kwimigangatho yaseYurophu kwaye umisela: “umndilili wexabiso le-SAR yayo nayiphi na i-10g yebhayoloji ngayo nayiphi na imizuzu emithandathu ayisayi kuba ngaphezu kwe-2.0W/Kg.
Oko kukuthi, kwaye le migangatho ivavanya umndilili wemitha yemitha ye-electromagnetic eveliswa ziiselfowuni ngokuhamba kwexesha.Ivumela ukuphakama kancinci kumandla wexesha elifutshane, nje ukuba ixabiso eliphakathi alidluli umgangatho.
Ukuba amandla okuhambisa aphezulu yi-23dBm kwimodi ye-TDD kunye ne-FDD, ifowuni yeselula kwimodi ye-FDD iyaqhubeka idlulisela amandla.Ngokwahlukileyo, ifowuni ephathwayo kwimodi ye-TDD kuphela i-30% yamandla okuhambisa, ngoko ke amandla okukhutshwa kwe-TDD amalunga ne-5dB ngaphantsi kwe-FDD.
Ke ngoko, ukuhlawula amandla othumelo emo ye-TDD nge-3dB, kukwisiseko somgangatho we-SAR ukulungelelanisa umahluko phakathi kwe-TDD kunye ne-FDD, kwaye enokufikelela kwi-23dBm nge-avareji.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-03-2021